phd mama

from diapers to deconstruction


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Worm Books for Book Worms

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In last year’s summer-reading program through our local library, my elder daughter chose as her prize a large stuffed snake. It now spends each day, in its six feet of plush glory, coiled on her bed. My daughter always loved snakes, so imagine my surprise when she recently developed an intense and prohibiting fear of worms. She spent a long car ride trying to explain why snakes are NOT like worms, and why worms are fearsome creatures, whereas snakes are “just a little wild.” I still don’t understand, but I persuaded her to read some books with me about worms so that we could both better appreciate the critical function of worms. We may fear earthworms in my family, but we are certifiable book worms. Here are some of my favorites:

  1. Bob and Otto by Robert O. Bruel and Nick Bruel

This story of friendship begins with a worm and a caterpillar and ends with a worm and a butterfly. But when Otto the earthworm begins to feel left behind by Bob’s amazing transformation, Bob reminds his friend of all the important work Otto does. Through bold, bright illustrations befitting a butterfly, this story teaches Otto to see himself as essential to both the health of the earth and to his beautiful friend, Bob.

  1. Calvin Can’t Fly: The Story of a Bookworm Birdie by Jennifer Berne and Keith Bendis

I couldn’t resist playing with the bookworm idea, so this book is not really about worms at all. Originally, the term bookworm did refer to worms, and it was (and some would say still is) derogatory in its emphasis on “excessive” reading. Yet in this story, Calvin’s reading comes in handy, and he demonstrates that being a bookworm—much like being a worm—can enrich everything around us.

  1. The City Worm and the Country Worm by Linda Hayward and Carol Nicklaus

Using the delightful and underappreciated Sesame Street character Slimey the worm, this fictional tale plays with the traditional city mouse/country mouse story. We see two worms in two different worlds; Slimey and his country cousin Squirmy convey a little bit of scientific knowledge and a lot of charm to make the oft-devalued earthworm endearing.

  1. Compost Stew by Mary McKenna Siddals and Ashley Wolff

As an alphabet book and a “recipe” for a compost heap, this book teaches readers how worms work as nature’s recyclers. The text itself is a collage composed of recycled materials; its playful rhymes advocate that we readers take a cue from our squirmy eyeless friends and make the work a richer place even with what seems like waste.

  1. An Earthworm’s Life by John Himmelman

With earth-toned illustrations and simple text as well as a glossary and key scientific facts (like the earthworm’s Latin name and its reproductive habits), this scientific text works great for readers at multiple levels. It’s readable, engaging, and fulfills the author’s subtitled mission of showing audiences a new perspective of nature, up close.

  1. Wiggling Worms at Work by Wendy Pfeffer and by Steve Jenkins

This alliteratively-titled book shows the work worms do through the seasons, above ground and underground. It provides detailed descriptions and large-scale images to show a worm’s lifecycle and usefulness for the soil. The book concludes with questions and experiments so readers can further explore earthworms.

  1. Winnie Finn, Worm Farmer by Carol Brendler and Ard Hoyt

In this fictional story about a county fair, we meet the intelligent, persistent protagonist Winnie Finn, who, as the title tells us, is a worm farmer. She prepares herself and her neighbors for big prizes at the fair by putting her creativity and her wiggly charges to work throughout the food chain. The book concludes with an activity where kids can apply Winnie’s skills to their own worm farms (or, learn how to make a worm farm here).

  1. Yucky Worms by Vivian French and Jessica Ahlberg

French and Ahlberg tell two tales at once, often side by side on the pages to mirror the gardeners’ toils above ground and the worms’ lives above and beneath the soil. Part fiction and part scientific text, this story reveals the parallel lives we lead with worms so that maybe we’ll stop calling them yucky and start admiring their wonderful wiggly ways.

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It’s not that I object to princess stories per se, but I like to challenge the mainstream princess motifs (beauty and marriage, the occasional sleeping curse) with alternative storylines now and then. I like to think that even princesses aren’t monolithic, and I want my daughters to see lots of stories that illustrate their potential pathways in life—not just the standard princess’s happily ever after. Each of the stories on this list features a strong, likeable female character, and all of them play with the genre in ways that freshen up the stories and the princess perspective.

1. Blueberry Girl  and “Boys and Girls Together” by Neil Gaiman

This book is technically not about princesses, but it’s by one of my favorite authors and it’s oozing with magical girl power. The text reads like part incantation, part prayer, all enchanting. And the poem gives an interesting glimpse into the post-happily-ever-after world, when the princess becomes the queen.

2. Olivia and the Fairy Princesses by Ian Falconer

After perpetuating the obsession, Olivia realizes she’d prefer to be more unique than the stereotypical pink, tutu clad fairy princess; she alters her style in search of something different, something more powerful, and bears the transition royally.

3. The Paper Bag Princess by Robert Munsch

In this twist on the fairytale conclusion, Princess Elizabeth rescues the Prince but ultimately decides he’s not worth the trouble. Too much of a complainer. Ever the optimist, Elizabeth dances off into the sunset on her own, proud to be (and be by) herself.

4. Princess Bee and the Royal Goodnight Story by Sandy Asher and Cat Bowman Smith

Another of my favorite authors, Sandy Asher tells the sweet story of Princess Bee, who really just wants her mother to tell her a bedtime story. The story—soft and charming—features a royal family that’s mostly functional and loving, with a special relationship between the queen and her youngest princess.

5. and 6. The Princess Knight and Princess Pigsty by Cornelia Funke

Both of Funke’s stories show protagonists who deviate from the traditional line of princess work; instead of preening and pampering, these princesses play rough and tumble and like to get their hands dirty. Turns out they’re mighty good at their vocations, too.

7. The Princess and the Pizza by Mary Jane Auch and Herm Auch

A comedic gem, this tale tells of Princess Paulina’s efforts to get back to “princessing” and riffs on several well-known fairytales in the process. In the end, Paulina decides she’s more invested in entrepreneurship than matrimony, and her choice is simply delicious.

8. The Princess and the White Bear King by Tanya Robyn Batt and Nicoletta Ceccoli

This story updates a classic fairytale, with a brave, resourceful, and virtuous princess. She makes mistakes but atones for them, and rescues her true love along the way. The illustrations in particular make these Northern European folktales timelessly beautiful.

9. Princess Pig by Eileen Spinelli

Pig is a makeshift princess (and another addition to the strange trend of coupling princesses and pigs) who learns that being royal isn’t all about luxury. Sometimes it’s better to be a regular old pig—if, as her wise friend Pony reminds her, that’s what one happens to be.

10. The Queen of France by Tim Wadham and Kady MacDonald Denton

This story is a delightful romp through Rose’s imagination, where she alternates between her ordinary self and the Queen of France, and whatever else her mind can conjure up.


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Unit Study: Dinosaurs

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I’m a firm believer that the best science education starts with lots of time outdoors; what better way to appreciate and understand the natural world than by experiencing it firsthand? Children are natural explorers, observers, and recorders—as long as grownups give them enough space to adventure at their own pace. This unit study serves as a supplement for that kind of outdoor education by providing resources that enrich children’s understanding of natural history and the contemporary world.

READ: combine fiction, non-fiction, picture books, and simple reference-style books for variety

National Geographic Little Kids First Big Book of Dinosaurs by Catherine Hughes and Franco Tempesta (language arts, science)

National Geographic Kids Ultimate Dinopedia: The Most Complete Dinosaur Reference Ever by Don Lessem, Franco Tempesta, and Rodolfo Coria (language arts, science)

Dinosaur A-Z: For Kids Who Really Love Dinosaurs by Roger Priddy (language arts, science)

Dinosaurs A-Z: Dinosaur Train by Andrea Posner-Sanchez and Terry Izumi (language arts, science)

The Dinosaur Museum: An Unforgettable, Interactive Virtual Tour Through Dinosaur History by The National Geographic Society and Sebastian Quigley (language arts, science)

How Do Dinosaurs… series by Jane Yolen and Mark Teague (language arts, science)

Dinosaurs, Dinosaurs by Byron Barton (language arts, science)

Bones, Bones, Dinosaur Bones by Bryon Barton (language arts, science)

Dinosaurumpus by Tony Milton (language arts, science)

Edwina, the Dinosaur Who Didn’t Know She Was Extinct by Mo Willems (language arts, science)

Dinosaur Dream by Dennis Nolan (language arts, science)

Shadow of the Dinosaurs by Dennis Nolan (language arts, science)

The Magic School Bus in the Time of the Dinosaurs by Joanna Cole (language arts, science)

Encylopedia Prehistorica Dinosaurs: The Definitive Pop-Up by Robert Sabuda and Matthew Reinhart (language arts, science)

Big Book of Dinosaurs by D.K. Publishing (language arts, science)

Dinosaur Bones by Bob Barner (language arts, science)

Dinosaur Train Field Guide by PBS (language arts, science)

 

WATCH: see these amazing creatures come to life on screen accompanied by music and fun facts

Dinosaur Train (Dinosaurs A-Z, Dinosaurs in the Snow, Dinosaurs Under the Sea, Dinosaur Big City, T-Rex Tales, Pteranodon Family Adventure, Big Big Big, Submarine Adventures, Eggstravaganza) (science, music)

Sesame Street’s “Herb the Plant-Eating Dinosaur” (Season 37, Episode 3) (science, music)

Sesame Street: Dinosaurs (science, music)

Walking with Dinosaurs (science, music)

How Do Dinosaurs Say Goodnight? (and More Classic Dinosaur Tales) (language arts, science)

 

LISTEN: set as background music for playtime or bop along in the car as science gets set to music

Once Upon a Dinosaur (science, music)

Most Amazing Dinosaur Songs (science, music)

Wee Sing Dinosaurs (science, music)

Dinosaur Train Volume 1 (science, music)

 

MAKE: incorporate dinosaurs into craft-time and creative play

Color a Pteranodon, a Plesiosaurus, a T-Rex, fossils, a Stegosaurus, and Dinosaur Train characters (science, art)

Hide mini-dinosaurs in plastic eggs and host a “hatching” party (science)

Make a feast for herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores (science, home economics)

Make Dinosaur playdough shapes (use a cookie cutter or just your imagination) (science, art)

Play with prehistoric pals like these (science, plain old fun)

Practice tracking on a nature hike (science)

Stamp or sticker a dinosaur scene, or turn it into a diorama (science, art)

Stomp, roar, flap (more fun)

Sort the mini-dinosaurs: count and classify by species, family, type of eater, and time period (science, math)

Track dinosaurs across a “mudpit” (real mud or playdough) (science)

Take dinosaurs to the “sea” (bath or water table) (science)


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How to Develop a Unit Study

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A unit study is an interdisciplinary approach to teaching and learning. It starts with a topic and explores the depth and breadth of that subject. The key is that in a unit study, all of the traditional subject areas (language arts, social studies, science, math, home economics, physical education, art, and music) filter through the topic of choice.

I favor a unit studies approach in all levels of my teaching (from preschool-at-home to my college classroom) for several reasons:

  • A Whole Picture: academic disciplines naturally overlap anyway because they are artificially-created. Unit studies offer a holistic approach that makes time and study both more fluid and less burdened by unnecessary interruptions for switching subjects.
  • Context is King: a unit study contextualizes information, making it both more meaningful and more memorable. Seeing the same topic from multiple perspectives engages our critical faculties and allows us to think through different lens for interpreting the world.
  • Loving Learning: unit studies draw on the interests of the teachers and learners, mirroring the natural learning process that we engage in when we pursue what we love; this, too, makes learning more enjoyable, meaningful, and memorable.

With enough thought, flexibility, creativity, and resourcefulness (thanks, in large part, to a good public library), it is easy to create a unit study out of any topic. The key here is not to crush that love of learning by forcing a unit study (or any other kind of learning). For small children, follow their interests and keep it fun and low-key. The older learners get, the more they should be actively directing the content of the unit study; we have to own it to really learn it.

Below, I provide a sample pre-school unity study that my elder daughter and I are currently doing. The concepts and materials reflect her level, but the process remains the same even as the learner develops. On a practical level, at home, this looks like a huge stack of books and materials that my daughter can access. We integrate them into our day as we desire, which sometimes means an entire day of play devoted to the unit study, sometimes a few stories at bedtime, and sometimes nothing at all. This pattern fits my larger belief that we are always learning something, and that children (like other humans) learn best through curiosity—not compulsion.

Sample Unit Study: Paris in the Springtime


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Unit Study: Paris in the Springtime

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My elder daughter recently found a glass replica of The Eiffel Tower among my trinkets. It fascinated her, and she recognized the landmark from the Madeline stories. We’ve been exploring Paris ever since, and the resources below will show you how I’ve created a unit study based on her interests. My disclaimer is to follow the child’s lead and not push to make things strict or overtly education. Keep it flexible and playful, or kids will resist (or just hate it), and that’s not the purpose of creative inquiry.

This unit study is weighted toward culture (lots of humanities), so adding math and science requires additional resourcefulness. I’d also say it’s OK to not be perfectly balanced on coverage of all subjects in all unit studies, because my goal is balance over the long term (a month, several months, a year) not in a day or week.

 

READ: Balance fiction, non-fiction, reference, children’s and adult’s books (like the coffee-table art book).

Adèle & Simon by Barbara McClintock (language arts, social studies, geography)

“CIA World Factbook: France” (language arts, social studies, geography)

Charlotte in Paris by Joan MacPhail Knight and Melissa Sweet (language arts, social studies, art)

Chasing Degas by Eva Montanari (language arts, art)

Degas and the Little Dancer by Laurence Anholt (language arts, art)

E is for Eiffel Tower: A France Alphabet by Helen Wilbur and Yan Nascimbene (language arts, social studies, geography)

Everybody Bonjours! by Leslie Kimmelman and Sarah McMenemy (language arts, social studies)

Getting to Know France and French by Nicola Wright and Kim Wooley (language arts, social studies, home economics, geography)

Henri Matisse: Drawing with Scissors by Jane O’Connor and Jessie Hartland (language arts, art)

The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (language arts)

The Louvre: All the Paintings by Vincent Pomarède, Erich Lessing, Loyrette Henri and Anja Grebe (art)

Madeline by Ludwig Bemelans (language arts)

The Magical Garden of Claude Monet by Laurence Anholt (language arts, art)

The Mona Lisa Caper by Rick Jacobson and Laura Fernandez (language arts, social studies, art)

Paris in the Spring with Picasso by Joan Yolleck and Marjorie Priceman (language arts, social studies, art)

This Is Paris by Miroslav Sasek (language arts, social studies, geography)

 

WATCH: Use film where audio and visual matters most (like hearing native speakers of a language, seeing artwork or a city).

Brainy Baby: French (language arts–French)

Linnea in Monet’s Garden (art)

Little Pim (language arts–French)

The Red Balloon (language arts, social studies, geography)

 

LISTEN: Add music and audiobooks for immersion in the sounds of native speakers and creation of a fun atmosphere.

French Playground (music)

Le Petit Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (language arts–French)

Paris (music)

Putumayo Presents: French Café (music)

Songs in French for Children (music)

 

MAKE: Get creative and incorporate the unity study into everyday play; the possibilities are endless!

Build a replica of The Eiffel Tower with blocks (mathematics, art)

Cook Cool French Cooking: Fun and Tasty Recipes for Kids by Lisa Wagner (home economics, science, mathematics)

Color The Eiffel Tower (art, social studies)

Color the French flag and map (art, social studies, geography)

Color a world map (art, social studies, geography)

Create an Impressionist-inspired picnic (art)

Make a passport to Paris (art, social studies)

Set up a café at home (home economics, science, mathematics)

Track The Tour de France (mathematics–convert kilometers and miles, measure the route, track riders’ distances and percentage of riders in race, count finishers; social studies, geography)

Send postcards from France (art, social studies)


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In Defense of Libraries

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Last week in The Guardian, author Terry Deary made the controversial claim that libraries foster “this idea that we’ve got an entitlement to read books for free, at the expense of authors, publishers and council tax payers. This is not the Victorian age, when we wanted to allow the impoverished access to literature. We pay for compulsory schooling to do that.” Citing the ideas behind libraries as “no longer relevant,” Deary has been roundly chastised (most notably by fellow best-selling author Neil Gaiman) for his position. While I understand Deary’s concerns about artistic integrity and making a living off of his creative work, I find his position on libraries fundamentally flawed (not least because tax dollars go to libraries as well as to schools). Here’s why:

  1. Collections don’t build themselves.

Working with a budget as well as an area of expertise and extensive reading, librarians don’t just buy books. They build collections. They read and research widely to keep apace with the publishing industry and to find the best and most relevant books for their patrons. In doing so, librarians foster quality, breadth, and depth in the reading lives of their communities.

  1. It goes beyond books.

Deary compares his work to film, arguing that audiences will pay for movie tickets but not for books. That’s simply untrue. Libraries circulate books, audio-books, movies, music, e-readers, magazines, language-learning software, video games, etc.; libraries provide newspapers to peruse on site. One library even circulates a notoriously popular (and pricey) American Girl doll to children who could never afford to purchase it. If we read only what we can afford to purchase, all of us will be reading less.

  1. Perusal precedes purchase.

Deary also assumes that people who borrow library books would purchase said books if libraries did not exist. One needs only to look at the music industry and the Napster controversy to see that audiences will access a lot of things for free that we would never be willing to pay for. Oftentimes libraries provide a point of first contact, where patrons learn about (and, yes, borrow) books to find out if we like them enough to buy them.

  1. Behold, the digital divide.

Compulsory schooling may provide exposure to literature, but the years of mandatory public education are limited. Before, during, and beyond those years, libraries give access to books, other media, and technology. For many users, public library computers offer internet and computer access that is only becoming more essential in the 21st century.

  1. Digital natives get lost.

Wired Magazine’s Clive Thompson reports that while younger generations may feel most comfortable using technology, their skills are basic and limited; where information abounds, they lack the ability to find credible information. Librarians help train patrons in fundamental computer skills as well as more advanced research strategies. Freely available information is useless without the proficiency to find it, analyze it, and put it in context. That’s just one way librarians help.

  1. Community matters.

My local library offers preschool story hours, after-school craft programs, children’s play spaces, crafting groups, book clubs, art classes, art exhibits, exercise classes, public speakers, movie nights, book sales, craft fairs, and more. These are the official programs, beyond the friends and neighbors who meet up to enjoy and appreciate the library as a community center—for the books and so much more. Libraries are inter-generational, cultural, educational hubs.

  1. Diversity counts.

I have spent much of my life in public libraries, as a student, a teacher, a tutor, a mother, and, above all, a reader. I’ve used libraries as tutoring spaces for learners with developmental disabilities, adults learning to read long after their schooling years, and children struggling in the classroom. Libraries give all of those groups, and everyone in between, safe spaces to explore books and learn at their own pace. Libraries honor all reading levels and supply materials like large-print books, multi-lingual texts, and audiobooks so everyone can be included.

Libraries go beyond books, and I say that as someone whose love affair with books is nearly boundless. I even like the way old books smell. Libraries are about books, yes, and also technology, research, equality, accessibility, and community. Libraries are about librarians and patrons and communities in relationship. In a time when more individuals are struggling financially, it makes sense not to condemn libraries but to support them as lifelines for entire communities—a way to pool our resources for the collective good: educationally, culturally, socially, technologically, and relationally. And despite what Terry Deary might say, those relationships are priceless.

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A Glue Stick and a Dream

Collage with Character(s)I’ve always loved making collages, but I got re-inspired by the idea after looking at ideas for “busy boxes.” A friend suggested a “busy box swap” where each mom in the group made 1-2 kinds of boxes for each child—and everyone goes home with a kit full of projects. I saw an idea for a collage busy box and started thinking about all the different types of collage kits I could make for my daughter. This seemed like a great way to make use of old magazines and catalogs (as well as those old 2012 calendars) and to use up remnants from other craft and sewing projects. Since collages are by nature free form and mixed-media, they lend themselves to children’s artwork; all you really need is a glue stick and a dream.

Here are some of my favorite ideas so far:

1. Bringing the Outdoors In

Collect outdoor things like stones, acorn caps, leaves, and sticks, and extend their lifespan by creating an outdoor scene on an indoor kind of day.

2. That Looks Delicious

We started with a “pastry shop” made from an old calendar. I cut out the small inlaid images from the back of the calendar and parts of the larger monthly images. My daughter matched them up, arranged them in her “shop,” and used the small pictures as “tickets” for us to buy her baked goods. When she tires of this game, the pastry shop can live on as a collage, and this style can work with grocery circulars, catalogs, and all kinds of food themes.

3. Dream House

I once bought a piece of furniture that was delivered to my home, and now several times a month I get a company catalog. Usually I just drool over it and then recycle it, but next time I’m going to cut the outline of a house on a large piece of cardstock and help my daughter furnish it with our favorite finds from the catalog.

4. One Scanner, No Glue

A friend of mine introduced us to the scanner collage, where you arrange items on top of the scanner and then print out the image (or just look at the file on screen). This one is glue-free, so it works great for items that you don’t want to destroy, and the imaging creates interesting textures and shadows that add dimension to the printout. My elder daughter and I love doing this one with my jewelry—so many shapes and colors with lots of creative draping.

5. Ransom Note

Find letters in various shapes, styles, and fonts to reinforce letter-learning (upper and lowercase) as well make a beautiful alphabet arrangement. Real words are optional.

6. Collages with Character(s)

Use printouts or cutouts of favorite characters (we once used the Sesame Street gang from a magazine and the Dinosaur Train creatures from PBS printouts).

7. Modern and Monochromatic

Emphasize color shades and variations by collecting items that all fit in the same hue-family and pasting them onto the page. This style also lends itself to mixed-media and multi-textural items (fabric, buttons, ribbons, papers, foil, etc.)

8. Mapmaker, Mapmaker

I love maps as art and artifacts, and collage lends itself to the concepts of cartography. Use images to create a souvenir (with postcards and pictures of a particular place) or make an actual map (with landmarks and landscaping details to navigate).

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